Dec 18, 2024, 18:18
“2024’s top 10 advances in medicine” suggested by Samuel Hume
Samuel Hume, Fellow at The Foulkes Foundation and pursuing PhD in University of Oxford’s Department of Oncology, shared a post on LinkedIn:
“2024’s top 10 advances in medicine.
- The numerous benefits of GLP1R agonists As well as causing weight loss, GLP1s can prevent complications of obesity (diabetes, liver fibrosis, kidney disease, osteoarthritis), treat heart failure, and even slow down Parkinson’s.”
- “Progress in the prevention of HIV The twice-yearly injectable, Lenacapavir, is 95-100% effective to prevent HIV.”
- “Improved malaria vaccines This R21 vaccine targets the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, in the early liver stage The GA2 vaccine targets P. falciparum the late liver stage And the RH5.1 vaccine targets P. falciparum in the blood stage.”
4. Progress in transplant medicine:
A) Liver transplant improved survival (combined with chemotherapy) in colorectal cancer with unresectable liver metastasis.
B) The first face and eye transplant.
C) Uterus transplant – quite effective to restore fertility.”
- “A treatment to prevent weight and muscle loss (cachexia) in cancer Cachexia is driven by the stress-responsive cytokine, GDF15 If GDF15 is blocked with a monoclonal antibody, patients gain weight, gain muscle, have more appetite, and can do more physical activity.”
- “Progress in stem cell therapies Stem cells were used to induce remission of type 1 diabetes (left), type 2 diabetes (middle), and to restore vision in limbal stem-cell deficiency (right).”
- “The first therapy for schizophrenia that does not block dopamine KarXT combines a muscarinic agonist with a peripheral muscarinic antagonist Unlike current antipsychotics, it doesn’t cause metabolic or motor side-effects, and improves both positive and negative symptoms.”
- “New treatments for autoimmunity CD19-targeting CAR T cells cause deep depletion of B cells, immune reset, and disease remission (left) CAR-Ts are costly and require lymphodepletion, but B-to-T cell bridging antibodies (Teclistamab) can achieve similar results (right).”
- “Restoring communication in motor neuron disease In a patient with motor neuron disease (ALS) and loss of speech as a result, a brain implant read the neural activity of his attempted speech and produced it via a computer – in his own voice.”
- “And, finally: a lot of progress in gene therapy There were positive results with gene therapy for blood disorders (like sickle cell disease), restoring vision (in Leber congenital amaurosis), and restoring hearing (in autosomal recessive deafness 9).”
Thank you for reading!
Sources as follows:
- GLP1R agonists for diabetes, liver fibrosis, kidney disease, osteoarthritis, heart failure, and Parkinson’s.
- Lenacapavir for HIV prevention, Lenacapavir or Daily F/TAF for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Women.
- Improved malaria vaccines, Attenuated Malaria Parasite, blood-stage malaria vaccine.
- Liver transplant for colorectal cancer, the first face and eye transplant, uterus transplant for fertility.
- GDF15 monoclonal antibody for cancer cachexia.
- Stem cells for type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and limbal stem-cell deficiency.
- A new class of antipsychotic.
- CAR-T cells and bispecific antibodies for autoimmunity.
- Speech neuroprosthesis for ALS.
- Gene therapy for sickle cell for Leber congenital amaurosis and for autosomal recessive deafness 9.”
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