Robert Kardashian was a prominent American attorney and businessman, best known for being part of O.J. Simpson’s defense team during the infamous 1995 trial. Born on February 22, 1944, he rose to national prominence through his legal work and close ties to celebrity circles. In July 2003, Robert was diagnosed with esophageal cancer, a serious and aggressive disease of the throat and digestive tract. Tragically, he passed away just eight weeks after his diagnosis, on September 30, 2003, at the age of 59.

He was previously married to Kris Jenner (then Kris Houghton), with whom he had four children: Kourtney, Kim, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian. Today, his children are well-known public figures and media personalities, carrying forward his legacy in their own ways. Despite his relatively early passing, Robert Kardashian is remembered not only for his legal career but also for his enduring role in one of America’s most talked-about families.

In this article, we explore Robert Kardashian’s battle with esophageal cancer, his family’s advocacy in his memory, and key facts about the causes, risks, and prevention of the disease. We also recognize April as Esophageal Cancer Awareness Month, dedicated to raising awareness and promoting early detection.

How Robert Kardashian Was Diagnosed with Esophageal Cancer

Robert Kardashian was diagnosed with esophageal cancer in July 2003, a diagnosis that came as a shock to both him and his family. The disease was discovered after he began experiencing trouble swallowing and persistent discomfort in his throat and chest. Following a series of medical tests and biopsies, doctors confirmed that he had an advanced stage of esophageal cancer—a rare and aggressive form of cancer that often shows few symptoms in its early stages.

Kris Jenner posted a nostalgic collage to Instagram on Thursday of her first husband Robert Kardashian posing with Kendall and Kylie Jenner, Kourtney and Kim

What was the Prognosis?

Robert Kardashian’s esophageal cancer was diagnosed at an advanced stage, which significantly limited treatment options and negatively affected his prognosis. By the time it was discovered in July 2003, the cancer had already progressed aggressively, making it difficult to control or reverse. Because esophageal cancer often presents few symptoms until it reaches a later stage, it is frequently diagnosed too late for curative treatment.

In Kardashian’s case, the prognosis was poor. His condition deteriorated quickly, and doctors determined that the cancer was inoperable. He passed away just eight weeks after his diagnosis, on September 30, 2003, at the age of 59. His rapid decline highlighted the aggressive nature of late-stage esophageal cancer and underscored the challenges in detecting and treating the disease early.

What Was Robert Kardashian’s Reaction to His Cancer Diagnosis ?

​Robert Kardashian’s initial reaction to his esophageal cancer diagnosis in July 2003 was one of concern and discretion. He first noticed symptoms when he began experiencing difficulty swallowing, remarking, “It’s so weird… The food is getting stuck down my throat.” Following encouragement from his daughters Kim and Kourtney, he sought medical attention, leading to the diagnosis. Upon learning of his terminal condition, Robert chose to keep the severity of his illness private, not disclosing the full extent to his friends, parents, and his younger children, Khloé and Robert Jr. ​

In his final conversations, Robert expressed confidence in Kim’s resilience, telling her, “I know you’re going to be okay. It’s almost like I can see ahead.” He entrusted her with the responsibility of caring for her siblings, emphasizing,

“Just make sure you take care of them.” ​

From left to right Kourtney, Robert, Khloe, Kim, Rob Kardashians

Robert Kardashian as a Father: The Man Behind the Famous Family

Robert Kardashian was a deeply devoted father to his four children: Kourtney (b. 1979), Kim (b. 1980), Khloé (b. 1984), and Rob (b. 1987). He shared a strong, loving bond with each of them and remained actively involved in their lives, even after divorcing their mother, Kris Jenner, in 1991. Known for his calm demeanor, integrity, and guidance, Robert instilled a strong moral compass and sense of responsibility in his children — values they continue to reference and honor today.

Robert was also proud of his Armenian heritage. He was born in Los Angeles to Helen and Arthur Kardashian, both third-generation Armenian-Americans. His ancestors immigrated to the United States from Kars, a region then part of the Russian Empire (now in modern-day Turkey), fleeing violence and persecution. His family, like many in the Armenian diaspora, was deeply affected by the legacy of the Armenian Genocide of 1915–1917, during which an estimated 1.5 million Armenians were systematically killed by the Ottoman Empire.

Though born and raised in the U.S., Robert maintained a cultural connection to his Armenian roots. This heritage has been honored and elevated by his children — especially Kim Kardashian, who has visited Armenia, spoken publicly about the genocide, and worked to raise global awareness of Armenian history and identity.

How Robert Kardashian Became One of America’s Most Talked-About Lawyers?

Robert Kardashian earned his law degree from the University of San Diego School of Law and was admitted to the California Bar in the late 1960s. Though he later stepped away from active legal practice to pursue business ventures, he returned to the public eye in 1994 when he joined the defense team of his longtime friend O.J. Simpson, who was accused of double murder.

Kardashian reactivated his law license specifically to support Simpson, becoming part of the now-famous “Dream Team.” While he did not serve as a lead trial attorney, he was a key legal and emotional support figure throughout the high-profile case. His presence in court — especially seated beside Simpson when the verdict was read — became one of the most iconic images of the trial.

In later years, it was reported that Kardashian grew increasingly unsure of Simpson’s innocence, reflecting his strong moral compass and personal struggle with the outcome of the case. His role in the Simpson trial made him a notable figure in both legal and pop culture history.

What Businesses Did Robert Kardashian Build Outside the Spotlight?

Beyond law, Robert Kardashian was an innovative and forward-thinking entrepreneur. In 1973, he co-founded Radio & Records, one of the first trade publications focused on the radio and music industries. The magazine quickly became an industry staple, providing charts, analysis, and insider news, and was eventually sold to Billboard Publications in 1979, marking a major financial success.

Kardashian went on to explore a variety of ventures across different industries. He co-founded Juice Inc., a frozen yogurt company launched well before the trend became mainstream, and Movie Tunes, a business that curated and distributed music playlists played in theaters before film screenings — a novel concept at the time that blended entertainment and advertising. His ability to spot early opportunities and act on emerging trends highlighted his natural business acumen.

Throughout his career, Kardashian maintained a low-key but highly strategic approach to business. His entrepreneurial success allowed him to provide a stable and comfortable life for his family and support his children’s future ambitions. While not one to seek the spotlight, he earned respect for his instincts, adaptability, and quiet leadership style — qualities that laid a foundation for the Kardashian family’s later business endeavors.

Kardashian Family: Advocacy and Legacy Work

Following Robert Kardashian’s death from esophageal cancer in 2003, his family has remained deeply committed to preserving his memory through a range of impactful initiatives centered around healthcare advocacy, medical research, cultural awareness, and philanthropy.

One of the most significant contributions came in 2019, when the Kardashian family partnered with UCLA Health to establish the Robert G. Kardashian Center for Esophageal Health. The center serves as a leading institution for the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of esophageal diseases, including esophageal cancer, Barrett’s esophagus, GERD, and other upper gastrointestinal disorders.

The center’s mission extends well beyond clinical care. It places a strong emphasis on early detection and screening programs for high-risk patients, alongside cutting-edge research aimed at developing new diagnostic tools and treatment protocols. Its multidisciplinary approach brings together specialists in gastroenterology, oncology, nutrition, and surgery, ensuring patients receive coordinated, personalized care. Additionally, the center offers comprehensive education and support services tailored to both patients and caregivers, all with a focus on improving quality of life throughout treatment and survivorship.

This initiative reflects the Kardashian family’s commitment to turning personal grief into a lasting, positive impact on public health. By funding and promoting specialized care in a field often underrepresented in mainstream medical awareness, they have helped raise visibility for esophageal diseases — a category of cancer that remains difficult to detect in its early stages and continues to have relatively poor survival rates.

Beyond the center itself, the Kardashian family uses their public platform to advocate for cancer education, the importance of recognizing early symptoms, and the need for regular screenings, particularly among at-risk populations. The Robert G. Kardashian Center stands as both a medical institution and a tribute to Robert Kardashian’s legacy as a devoted father, respected lawyer, and compassionate community figure — embodying his enduring values of service, integrity, and care for others.

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Current Survival Rates for Esophageal Cancer: According to WHO

Esophageal cancer is a serious disease with low survival rates. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global five-year survival rate ranges from 15% to 25%. Outcomes vary based on the stage at diagnosis. In Canada, the five-year survival rate is about 43% when caught early and localized, 23% when it has spread regionally, and just 5% in cases of distant metastasis (Canadian Cancer Society).

These statistics are general estimates and may vary based on individual factors and medical advances.

What Causes Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer is a complex disease influenced by a combination of medical, environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Understanding these underlying causes is essential for identifying at-risk individuals and promoting early detection. The following categories outline the primary contributors to the development of esophageal cancer, based on current medical and scientific evidence.

Pathological Conditions

Several underlying medical conditions are linked to a higher risk of esophageal cancer. Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can lead to long-term damage of the esophageal lining. In some individuals, GERD causes Barrett’s esophagus, a precancerous condition that increases the likelihood of developing adenocarcinoma. Another risk condition is achalasia, a rare esophageal motility disorder that prevents the lower esophageal sphincter from relaxing properly. This leads to food retention, irritation, and inflammation of the esophagus over time.

Environmental and Infectious Factors

Exposure to certain infections and environmental carcinogens also contributes to esophageal cancer risk. Human papillomavirus (HPV), while less common in Western countries, has been associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in some regions. In addition, long-term exposure to chemical irritants or polluted environments may aggravate the esophageal lining, although these factors are less clearly defined.

Lifestyle and Behavioral Factors

Tobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption are two of the strongest behavioral risk factors, especially when combined. Both irritate the esophagus and introduce carcinogens that damage the cells lining the esophagus. Obesity is another major factor, particularly because it increases the likelihood of acid reflux, which in turn promotes the development of Barrett’s esophagus.

Diet and Nutrition

Poor dietary habits, especially those lacking in fresh fruits and vegetables, have been linked to increased cancer risk. Diets high in processed, smoked, or salted foods may expose the esophagus to harmful substances that increase mutation rates in the cells. Nutritional deficiencies — particularly in antioxidants, selenium, and vitamins A, C, and E — may further impair the body’s ability to repair cellular damage.

Demographic and Genetic Factors

Esophageal cancer is more common in men than women and typically affects individuals over the age of 50. While the disease is not usually inherited, having a family history of esophageal cancer may slightly increase an individual’s risk, particularly when combined with lifestyle or environmental exposures.

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How to Prevent Esophageal Cancer

Esophageal cancer prevention focuses on reducing risk factors, managing underlying health conditions, and promoting early detection. While not all cases can be avoided, many are preventable through lifestyle changes, medical monitoring, and increased awareness. The following strategies outline key approaches to lowering the risk of developing esophageal cancer.

Lifestyle and Dietary Modifications

Adopting healthy lifestyle habits is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of esophageal cancer. Quitting tobacco use is essential, as smoking and chewing tobacco are major risk factors, particularly for squamous cell carcinoma. Likewise, limiting alcohol consumption significantly lowers risk, especially when combined with smoking cessation.

Maintaining a healthy weight is also important, as obesity increases the likelihood of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is closely associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Incorporating regular physical activity and a balanced diet can help manage weight and improve digestive health.

Diet plays a crucial role in prevention. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provides antioxidants and essential nutrients that help protect cells from damage. Reducing the intake of processed, smoked, and salty foods further minimizes exposure to dietary carcinogens. Additionally, avoiding the regular consumption of very hot beverages may reduce esophageal irritation and lower long-term cancer risk.

Medical Management and Early Detection

Addressing underlying health conditions that affect the esophagus is vital for cancer prevention. Chronic GERD should be properly managed through medication, lifestyle changes, and regular monitoring. Persistent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, or unexplained chest discomfort should prompt medical evaluation.

Individuals diagnosed with Barrett’s esophagus, a precancerous condition resulting from long-term reflux, should undergo regular endoscopic screening to detect any abnormal cell changes early. In some cases, doctors may recommend targeted treatment to prevent progression to cancer.

Staying up to date with routine checkups allows for early intervention in patients with known risk factors. In regions where HPV (human papillomavirus) is linked to esophageal cancer, vaccination and awareness may also play a preventive role, though this connection is more regional and still under investigation.

Awareness of Personal and Family Risk

Understanding your personal and family medical history can help guide prevention strategies. While most esophageal cancer cases are not inherited, a family history of the disease may indicate a slightly elevated risk. Individuals with such a background should be particularly vigilant about symptoms and screenings.

Public education on esophageal cancer symptoms and risk factors is critical. Recognizing warning signs early — such as chronic heartburn, difficulty swallowing, or unexplained weight loss — can lead to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment.

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Written by Aharon Tsaturyan MD