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Samuel Hume: Top 5 advances in medicine this week
Jan 15, 2025, 07:07

Samuel Hume: Top 5 advances in medicine this week

Samuel Hume, Fellow at The Foulkes Foundation and pursuing PhD in the University of Oxford’s Department of Oncology, shared the following articles on X:

Top 5 advances in medicine this week.

1. The first-in-human use of iPSC-derived CAR-NK cells.

This is an off-the-shelf therapy: CAR-NK cells were derived from the iPSCs of a healthy donor, which themselves are maintained as a self-sustaining cell line This means it’s cheaper, quicker, and more scalable than custom CAR approaches Combined with the B cell-depleting.

Induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells in B-cell lymphoma: a phase 1, first-in-human trial

Authors: Armin Ghobadi, Veronika Bachanova, Krish Patel, Jae H Park, Ian Flinn, Peter A Riedell, Carlos Bachier, Catherine S Diefenbach, Carol Wong, Cara Bickers, Lilly Wong, Deepa Patel, Jode Goodridge, Matthew Denholt, Bahram Valamehr, Rebecca L Elstrom and Paolo Strati

Samuel Hume

2. First-in-human use of an abdominal-brain dopamine pump in Parkinson’s disease.

The pump is implanted in the abdomen, tunneled under the skin, and placed as a catheter in the brain, to deliver a titratable, circadian dose of dopamine into the third ventricle.

This requires neurosurgery, so it’s clearly much more invasive than taking oral medications and was limited in this trial to patients with L-dopa-related complications. The pump increased on time, reduced ‘off’ time, and reduced dyskinesia.

Intracerebroventricular anaerobic dopamine in Parkinson’s disease with l-dopa-related complications: a phase 1/2 randomized-controlled trial

Authors: Caroline Moreau, Pascal Odou, Julien Labreuche, Alexandre Demailly, Gustavo Touzet, Nicolas Reyns, Bastien Gouges, Alain Duhamel, Christine Barthelemy, Damien Lannoy, Natacha Carta, Benjamin Palas, Michèle Vasseur, Felix Marchand, Thomas Ollivier, Céline Leclercq, Camille Potey, Thavarak Ouk, Simon Baigne, Kathy Dujardin, Louise Carton, Anne Sophie Rolland, Jean Christophe Devedjian, Véronique Foutel, Dominique Deplanque, Matthieu Fisichella and David Devos

Samuel Hume

Samuel Hume

3. A foundation model for transcription.

This model predicts gene expression from chromatin accessibility data and DNA sequence, with an extremely high correlation to observed (RNA-Seq) numbers It has the potential for widespread discoveries in gene expression.

A foundation model of transcription across human cell types

Authors: Xi Fu, Shentong Mo, Alejandro Buendia, Anouchka P. Laurent, Anqi Shao, Maria del Mar Alvarez-Torres, Tianji Yu, Jimin Tan, Jiayu Su, Romella Sagatelian, Adolfo A. Ferrando, Alberto Ciccia, Yanyan Lan, David M. Owens, Teresa Palomero, Eric P. Xing and Raul Rabadan

Samuel Hume

Samuel Hume

4. Targeted immunosuppression in the autoimmune condition, dermatomyositis.

Dermatomyositis causes skin rashes and muscle weakness – it’s currently treated with non-specific immunosuppression (with heavy side effects and questionable efficacy). Dermatomyositis is driven by IFNβ In this phase 2 trial, blocking IFNβ with a monoclonal antibody effectively relieved inflammation and symptoms – the phase 3 trial is underway.

Efficacy, safety, and target engagement of dazukibart, an IFNβ specific monoclonal antibody, in adults with dermatomyositis: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Authors: David Fiorentino, Aaron R Mangold, Victoria P Werth, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Alisa Femia, Myron Chu, Amy C M Musiek, Jason C Sluzevich, Lauren V Graham, Anthony P Fernandez, Rohit Aggarwal, Kerri Rieger, Karen M Page, Xingpeng Li, CraigHyde, Natalie Rath, Abigail Sloan, Barry Oemar, Anindita Banerjee, Mikhail Salganik, Christopher Banfield, Srividya Neelakantan, Jean S Beebe, Michael S Vincent, Elena Peeva and Ruth Ann Vleugels

Samuel Hume

Samuel Hume

5. A foundation model for precision oncology.

Trained in pathology images and clinical notes, the model can predict diagnosis, prognosis, and response to immunotherapy.

You can ask it questions, too: Is immunotherapy likely to be effective in this cancer?

A vision–language foundation model for precision oncology

Authors: Jinxi Xiang, Xiyue Wang, Xiaoming Zhang, Yinghua Xi, Feyisope Eweje, Yijiang Chen, Yuchen Li, Colin Bergstrom, Matthew Gopaulchan, Ted Kim, Kun-Hsing Yu, Sierra Willens, Francesca Maria Olguin, Jeffrey J. Nirschl, Joel Neal, Maximilian Diehn, Sen Yang and Ruijiang Li

Samuel Hume

Samuel Hume

Thank you for reading.

Let me know if I’ve missed anything.”

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